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The questions that CCNA asked frequently. And after referring them, the quiz from CCNA

Wireshark tool can be used to packet sniffing and we can get the data stream which are sending via FTP, Telnet since FTP and Telnet are not using encryption when sending data. When we using wireshark, we can filter the packets by protocol and the data packet is containing which is sent. They are containing sequentially and FTP or Telnet is not secure enough to send sensitive data.   We can sniff SSH packets but we can not get the data as the data is encrypted.

Algorithms searching sorting algorithm analysis Design methods Dynamic programming Recursion Greedy Data Structures linear trees graphs Algorithms : finite sequece of step or instructions to solve a problem No algorithm Algorithm but too comlex (in network security) Tractable algorithms(in web applications) RAM - Random Access Machine primitive operations assigning the value to a vollatile calling a method performing an arithmatic operations compare 2 numbers indexing into an array following an object refference returning from a method Divide and conque divide in to subproblems conque - solving combine them Searching Linear Searching compare the key with the elements(starting 0 to n) return true if the key is found in the array Binary searching compare the key with the middle element If the middle element is the key then return if not pick one half of the array depending on the

The small tricks we can do 1.clicking on the .bat file, we can make random numbers on a cmd infinitely. it just running in a loop and it does not store any number, but shows. We can use any color to use the font color. @echo off color 0c :top echo %random% %random% %random% %random% %random% %random% %random% goto top 2.Change to name of the command promt title Shaggy The title of the command prompt is "Shaggy" 3.To change the cmd font color and background color. go to start and open the file location of the cmd. Then right clicking on that, an interface is opened and we can change the color of the command prompt and the font colors. The popped up interface to change the features We can change the font color of the cmd by typing "color attr" and hitting enter. Then some details are going to appear and then we can choose the color and type the value of the color we need Details of the colors Changing the font color of the cmd C

On a Android phone, the files can be hide without installing a third party application from google playstore.        For that make a folder in file manager and move the files that should be hidden and rename the folder adding " . " (dot) extension infront of the folder. And then the folder disappears and when we want to have the folder, we only have to do is, unhiding the hidden folders. Then the folder would appear Creating a new folder After adding files, rename the folder Rename the folder with " . " extension When we need the folder, simply apply "show hidden files" The folder is there

All the usable and useful commands on linux and some commands on shell scripting on a paper .

Operating systems     Operating system is a program that act as an intermediary between a user of a computer and the computer hardware and it provides a environment for execution of programs another set of OS functions exist for ensuring efficient operation of the system. They are,     - Resource allocation     - Accounting     - Protection and security     - User interface     - Program execution     - I/O operations     - File system manipulations     - Communication     - Error detection Distributed systems     Distributed system is a collection of physically separate, possibly heterogenous computer systems  that are networked to provide the users with the access to the various resource that the system maintain. The characteristics of a distributed system     - Fault tolerance     - Highly availability     - Recoverable     - Consistent     - scalable     - predictable performance     - secure Special purpose systems     - Real time embedded systems     - Multimedia systems     - Ha