Note - Operating Systems

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Operating systems

    Operating system is a program that act as an intermediary between a user of a computer and the computer hardware and it provides a environment for execution of programs

another set of OS functions exist for ensuring efficient operation of the system. They are,

    - Resource allocation
    - Accounting
    - Protection and security
    - User interface
    - Program execution
    - I/O operations
    - File system manipulations
    - Communication
    - Error detection

Distributed systems

    Distributed system is a collection of physically separate, possibly heterogenous computer systems  that are networked to provide the users with the access to the various resource that the system maintain.

The characteristics of a distributed system

    - Fault tolerance
    - Highly availability
    - Recoverable
    - Consistent
    - scalable
    - predictable performance
    - secure

Special purpose systems

    - Real time embedded systems
    - Multimedia systems
    - Hand held systems

Operating system interface

    - Command interpreter
    - Graphical user interface

Types of system calls

    - Process control
    - File management
    - Device management
    - Information maintainence
    - Communication

Process control Block

    Each process is represented in the operating system by a process control block is also called Task Control Block.

process is a program that performs a single thread of execution called a program in execution

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